- What does self rule (home rule) mean?
- Did America have self rule before 1776?
Self Rule for British colonies
1800 Britain
• Colonies in North America, Africa, Asia, India, Australia
Canada
• First colonized by France and Britain
• French more likely to live with and intermarry
• Britain full possession 1763 (7 years War)
• Upper (British) and Lower (French) Canada
• Each province own elected assembly with limited powers
• Durham report-United again, encourage British settlement., and govern themselves in domestic matters
• Dominion of Canada 1867, central government and self rule. Still part of British Empire but….
Australia and New Zealand
• 1770 Captain James Cook
• Maoris-natives of NZ
• Made peace with Britain
• Aborigines-Native of Australia
• 1788 colonizing Australia as a penal colony
• After freed they could buy land and settle
• Free settlers come in next few decades
• Wool trade
• 1860 pushed British to stop sending convicts
• NZ settled slower
• Missionaries convert Maoris
• 1850’s begin self rule
• 1901 constitution, Statute of Westminster 1932 grants self rule completly
• NZ first to grant women the vote 1893
• Native not treated well
IRELAND
- English control from Middle Ages
- After reformation Prots sent to colonize
- Catholics persecuted
- 1801 formally joined to Britain
- Catholic emancipation act 1829 restored many Catholic rights
- Great Famine in 1840's made many starve
- Of 8 million in population 1 mil died
- 18% of pop emigrate
- 12% died
- Britain prospered
- Late 1800's wanted Home Rule
- Britain refused to protect Prots
- WWI delayed home rule
- Easter Rising
- 1921 Ireland divided into northern and southern with home rule in south
- 1949 South (Irish Free State) declared independence
